The structural model of schools' effectiveness by distributed leadership with the mediating role of teachers' citizenship behavior

The most important concern of today's educational organizations is to create and improve of effectiveness schools. Considering the importance of the role of leadership in the effectiveness of schools achievement, the aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of teachers' citizenship behavior in the relationship between distributive leadership and school effectiveness. The present study was a correlational study based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the present study is all teachers of public schools in Astara city in the 98-97 academic year. The total number of teachers is 640, of which 230 teachers were selected through stratified sampling. The selected samples answered the Distributive Leadership Questionnaire, the Teacher Citizenship Behavior Questionnaire and the School Effectiveness Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 26, AMOS version 24. Bootstrap method was used to analyze mediator relationships in Preacher and Hayes software. Structural equation modeling fit indices showed that the proposed model of the present study has a good fit with the collected data (RMSEA = 0.07, CFI = 0.986, TLI = 0.964, NFI = 0.978, FIFI = 0.986). Findings showed that distributive leadership has a positive and significant effect on teachers' citizenship behavior and on school effectiveness. In addition, teacher citizenship behavior plays a complementary mediating role between distributive leadership and teacher citizenship behavior.